# Profit and Loss Formulas

Profit or Loss these terms are very often used in our daily lives. These are the terms used to identify if a deal made is profitable or not.

In simple terms, if the selling price(SP) is greater than the cost price(CP), we gain a profit. If the selling price(SP) is less than the cost price(CP), then we have a loss

Cost Price: The price at which we buy the product.
Selling Price: The price at which we sell the product

Now let us look into profit and loss formulas and how to calculate them

Index

## Profit

The additional amount gained by selling a purchased product at a higher rate than Cost Price is called profit.

Following is the profit formula:

Profit(P) = Selling Price(SP) – Cost Price(CP)

And profit percentage can be calculated as:

Profit% (P%)= (Profit/Cost Price) x 100

## Loss

The amount incurred after selling the purchased product at a lower rate than Cost Price is Loss.

Following is the loss formula:

Loss(L)= Cost Price(CP) – Selling Price(SP)

And loss percentage can be calculated as follows:

Loss% (L%) = (Loss/Cost Price) x 100

## Important Profit and Loss Formulas

1. Profit(P) = SP – CP
2. Profit%(P%) = $$\frac{P}{CP} \cdot 100$$
3. Loss(L) = CP – SP
4. Loss%(L%) = $$\frac{L}{CP} \cdot 100$$
5. Selling Price(SP) = $$\frac{100 + P \%}{100} \cdot CP$$
6. Selling Price(SP) = $$\frac{100 – L \%}{100} \cdot CP$$
7. Selling Price(SP) = Marked Price – Discount
8. Cost Price(CP) = $$\frac{100}{100 + P \%} \cdot SP$$
9. Cost Price(CP) = $$\frac{100}{100 – L \%} \cdot CP$$

## Examples

Q. If a shopkeeper buys sugar 1kg for 50inr and sells for 55inr, calculate the profit and profit%

Sol CP = 50inr
SP = 55inr
Profit = SP – CP = 55 – 50 = 5inr
Profit%     = $$\frac{P}{CP} \cdot 100$$
= \frac{5}{50} \cdot 100
= 10%.

Q. What is the book’s market price if a book costs 100inr after a 10% discount?

Sol. SP = 100
Discount = 10%
SP = MP -D
Discount(D) %     = $$\frac{D}{MP} \cdot 100$$

On Rearranging the terms, we get
D = $$\frac{D% \codt MP}{100}$$

Now using these in the SP formula for D
$$SP = MP – \frac{D% \cdot MP}{100}$$
$$SP = MP \cdot \frac{100 – D%}{100}$$
$$MP = \frac{SP \cdot 100}{100 – D%}$$
$$MP = \frac{100 \cdot 100}{100 – 10}$$
$$MP = \frac{1000}{9}$$
$$MP = 111.11 INR$$

## FAQs

What is the Profit formula?

Profit(P) = Selling Price(SP) – Cost Price(CP)

What is a formula for Loss?

Loss(L) = Cost price(CP) – Selling Price(SP)

What is the formula for Discount?

Discount (D) = Market Price(MP) – Selling Price(SP)

What is profit%?

Profit%(P%) = \frac{P}{CP} \codt 100[\latex]

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