Filtration is a method to separate the components of a mixture of a liquid and an insoluble substance.
Explanation:
Filtration is a commonly used method to separate the components of a mixture of a liquid and an insoluble substance which is usually solid.
The method involves passing the mixture through a filter, which is a material that allows the liquid to pass through while retaining the solid particles.
The process of filtration works on the principle of size exclusion, where the filter pores are smaller than the size of the solid particles but larger than the size of the liquid molecules.
As a result, the solid particles get trapped in the filter, while the liquid passes through and is collected in a container placed below the filter.
Filtration is used in a variety of applications, including in laboratories, industrial processes, and in everyday life.
For example, it is used to purify water by removing impurities and sediment, in the production of pharmaceuticals and chemicals, and in the separation of solids from liquids in cooking processes.