Golgi Apparatus
Golgi-apparatus or Golgi complex or Golgi body is a system of stacks of flattened, membrane-bound sacs, vesicles, and tubules that participate in the transformation, secretion, and production of complex biochemicals. …
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a continuous and complex system of interconnected flattened membranous sacs and tubules that runs through the cytoplasm. It divides the cytoplasm into two compartments- luminal (inside …
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is jelly-like semi-fluid, containing the cytoplasmic matrix, cell organelles, and cell inclusions. The cytoplasmic matrix (the cytosol) is a crystal-colloidal complex comprising 90% water. Matrix contains various biomolecules, …
Trapezoidal Rule
“Trapezoidal Rule” is one of the important integration rules in Calculus. In the Trapezoidal rule, the area under the curve is evaluated as trapeziums, as the total area is divided …
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are giant macromolecule in the cytoplasm which are responsible for protein synthesis. They are not bound by a membrane. They have a length of 200-340 A, a diameter of …
Lysosomes
Lysosomes are organelles enclosed by a single impermeable membrane and contain hydrolytic (digestive) enzymes in the form of granules which can be crystalline or semicrystalline. They contain hydrolytic enzymes like …
Mitochondria
Mitochondrion (pl. Mitochondria) is a double membranous organelle in cells of aerobic eukaryotic organisms. Popularly known as the “Powerhouse of the Cell”, it produces ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. This process …
Bacteriophage
A bacteriophage is a group of viruses that infect bacteria. It hijacks the bacterium’s cellular machinery to produce viral components inside it. Bacteriophage also infects single-celled prokaryotic organisms known as …
Reflex Angle
An angle is called a Reflex Angle if it varies from more than 180 degrees to less than 360 degrees. We get the word angle from the Latin word “Angulus.” …
Area of Trapezium
A trapezium is a convex quadrilateral. It is a 2-dimensional shape. It contains one pair of opposite sides parallel to each other. To find the area of the trapezium, we need …